Citations with the tag: CONVECTION (Oceanography)
Results 1 - 50
- Convection in Small Basins.
Dewar, William K. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Oct2002, Vol. 32 Issue 10, p2766Convection in the world's oceans often occurs in small, semienclosed basins where bottom slopes and nearby continental shelf breaks are commonplace. The evolution of convectively generated heat anomalies in such settings is studied using quasigeostrophic finite-difference and point vortex...
- A Statistical Theory for the �Patchiness� of Open-Ocean Deep Convection: The Effect of Preconditioning.
DiBattista, Mark T.; Majda, Andrew J.; Marshall, John // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p599Within basins that exhibit open-ocean convection, convectively mixed fluid is often observed in regions of upward-doming isopycnal surfaces, preconditioned by either cyclonic circulation and/or bottom topography. Here, an equilibrium statistical theory for open-ocean convection, developed in the...
- Idealized Models of Slantwise Convection in a Baroclinic Flow.
Straneo, Fiammetta; Kawase, Mitsuhiro; Riser, Stephen C. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p558Intermediate, or deep, convection in a baroclinic flow occurs along slanted paths parallel to the alongflow absolute momentum surfaces. These surfaces are principally tilted due to the vertical shear in velocity but can be further modified by a nonvertical axis of rotation. An inviscid...
- Mechanisms of Buoyancy Transport through Mixed Layers and Statistical Signatures from Isobaric Floats.
Herbaut, Christophe; Marshall, John // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p545Idealized nonhydrostatic numerical calculations that resolve both plumes and geostrophic eddies are used to mimic isobaric float observations taken in the Labrador Sea Deep Convection Experiment and study mechanisms of buoyancy transport through mixed layers. The plumes and eddies are generated...
- Sampling Characteristics from Isobaric Floats in a Convective Eddy Field.
Legg, Sonya; McWilliams, James C. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p527During the recent Labrador Sea Deep Convection Experiment, numerous isobaric floats were deployed. Interpretation of the quasi-Lagrangian measurements from these floats requires an understanding of any biases that may be introduced by the response of the floats to the flow in which they are...
- Observations of Open-Ocean Deep Convection in the Labrador Sea from Subsurface Floats.
Lavender, Kara L.; Davis, Russ E.; Owens, W. Brechner // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p511The occurrence and extent of deep convection in the Labrador Sea in winters 1996/97 and 1997/98 is investigated from measurements of over 200 neutrally buoyant subsurface Profiling Autonomous Lagrangian Circulation Explorer (PALACE) and Sounding Oceanographic Lagrangian Observer (SOLO) floats....
- Fully Lagrangian Floats in Labrador Sea Deep Convection: Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Results.
Harcourt, Ramsey R.; Steffen, Elizabeth L.; Garwood, Roland W.; D'Asaro, Eric A. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p493Measurements of deep convection from fully Lagrangian floats deployed in the Labrador Sea during February and March 1997 are compared with results from model drifters embedded in a large eddy simulation (LES) of the rapidly deepening mixed layer. The deep Lagrangian floats (DLFs) have a large...
- Deep Convection in the Labrador Sea as Observed by Lagrangian Floats.
Steffen, Elizabeth L.; D'Asaro, Eric A. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p475During the winters of 1997 and 1998, a total of 24 Lagrangian floats were deployed in the Labrador Sea. These floats were designed to match the buoyancy and compressibility of seawater. They measured temperature and three-dimensional position (pressure for vertical position and RAFOS acoustic...
- Hydrography of the Labrador Sea during Active Convection.
Pickart, Robert S.; Torres, Daniel J.; Clarke, R. Allyn // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Feb2002, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p428The hydrographic structure of the Labrador Sea during wintertime convection is described. The cruise, part of the Deep Convection Experiment, took place in February-March 1997 amidst an extended period of strong forcing in an otherwise moderate winter. Because the water column was preconditioned...
- Effects of the Indonesian Throughflow on the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Lee, Tong; Fukumori, Ichiro; Menemenlis, Dimitris; Xing, Zhangfan; Fu, Lee-Lueng // Journal of Physical Oceanography; May2002, Vol. 32 Issue 5, p1404Effects of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) on the circulation and thermal structure of the Pacific and Indian Oceans are studied by comparing solutions of a near-global ocean general circulation model with open and closed Indonesian passages from 1981 to 1997. The ITF contributes to the...
- Dominant Cloud Microphysical Processes in a Tropical Oceanic Convective System: A 2D Cloud Resolving Modeling Study.
Li, Xiaofan; Sui, C.-H.; Lau, K.-M. // Monthly Weather Review; Oct2002, Vol. 130 Issue 10, p2481Dominant cloud microphysical processes associated with a tropical oceanic convective system are investigated based on a 2D cloud resolving simulation. The model is forced by the zonal-mean vertical velocity, zonal wind, sea surface temperature, and horizontal temperature and moisture advections...
- El Ni�o as a Natural Experiment for Studying the Tropical Tropopause Region.
Gettelman, A.; Randel, W. J.; Massie, S.; Wu, F.; Read, W. G.; Russell III, J. M. // Journal of Climate; Aug2001, Vol. 14 Issue 16, p3375The interannual variability of the tropical tropopause region between 14 and 18 km is examined using observations of convection, winds, and tropopause temperatures from reanalyses and water vapor from satellites. This variability is compared to a simulation using the Community Climate Model...
- Northwestward Propagation of the Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Western North Pacific during the Boreal Summer: Structure and Mechanism.
Hsu, Huang-Hsiung; Weng, Chun-Hsiung // Journal of Climate; Sep2001, Vol. 14 Issue 18, p3834The convection of the intraseasonal timescale in the western North Pacific during the boreal summer tends to propagate northwestward in the Philippine Sea to near 20�N and then continues propagating westward. The formation of enhanced convection in the western North Pacific is a result of the...
- A Moist Linear Baroclinic Model: Coupled Dynamical�Convective Response to El Ni�o.
Watanabe, Masahiro; Jin, Fei-Fei // Journal of Climate; Apr2003, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p1121A newly developed, linear baroclinic model (LBM) and its application to the tropical ENSO teleconnection is described. The model, based on primitive equations linearized about the observed, zonally varying basic state in northern winter, involves linear schemes for the cumulus convection, and...
- Shallow Convection Workshop Held at Purdue University.
Watanabe, Masahiro; Jin, Fei-Fei // Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society; Jun2000, Vol. 81 Issue 6, p1370Highlights the activities and topics discussed at the second annual meeting of the ad hoc working group called `Convection Fest II,' a workshop for scientists to exchange views and ideas on continental and marine convective boundary layers. Scientific papers presented; Guest speakers; Schedule...
- Evolution of bioconvection patterns in a culture of motile flagellates.
Harashima, Akira; Watanabe, Masataka; Fujishiro, Issei // Physics of Fluids (00319171); Apr88, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p764Numerical experiments were carried out on the pattern formation of bioconvection that is observed in cultures of motile aquatic microorganisms. New features were revealed on how the bioconvective system evolves and how the number of falling fingers is selected at each stage of evolution. At the...
- The Role of Preconditioning in the Evolution of Open-Ocean Deep Convection.
Noh, Yign; Cheon, Woo Geun; Raasch, Siegfried // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Jun2003, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p1145Large-eddy simulation of open-ocean deep convection shows that the evolution of convection appears in a fundamentally different pattern, depending on the precondition of the ocean and the magnitude of the surface buoyancy flux. As the intensity of the cyclonic gyre in the ocean under the cooling...
- An experimental investigation of the surface temperature field during evaporative convection.
Saylor, J. R.; Smith, G. B.; Flack, K. A. // Physics of Fluids; Feb2001, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p428Measurements of the surface temperature field are presented for a water surface undergoing evaporation. These temperature fields were measured using an infrared camera for a range of heat fluxes q[sup ?]=30-500 W/m[sup 2]. Experiments were conducted for water surfaces with and without a...
- Mixing and convection in the Greenland Sea from trace-release experiment.
Watson, A.J.; Messias, M.-J. // Nature; 10/28/1999, Vol. 401 Issue 6756, p902Discusses the direct measurement of vertical mixing in the central Greenland Sea gyre using a tracer-release experiment. Area of rapid turbulent vertical mixing; Seasonal variation in mixing; Transportation of water in convective plumes.
- Q: What causes convection?
Robertson, Bill // Science & Children; Feb2011, Vol. 48 Issue 6, p60The article provides an answer to a question on the causes of convection.
- New Convective Forecasts.
Robertson, Bill // Flying; Feb2002, Vol. 129 Issue 2, p31Provides information on the National Convective Weather Forecast for pilots from the United States Federal Aviation Administration and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
- Mechanism of the biological response to winter cooling in the northeastern Arabian Sea.
Madhupratap, M.; Kumar, S. Prasanna // Nature; 12/12/1996, Vol. 384 Issue 6609, p549Presents physical, chemical and biological data that indicates that sea surface cooling drives convection processes. The injection of nutrients into the surface waters of the northeastern Arabian Sea during winter; The mechanism of nutrient supply being a dominant control on winter...
- Numerical Modeling of Gravity Wave Generation by Deep Tropical Convection.
Lane, Todd P.; Reeder, Michael J.; Clark, Terry L. // Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 5/15/2001, Vol. 58 Issue 10, p1249Presents a study which analyzed the dynamics of internal gravity wave generation in Tiwi Islands, Australia using a high-resolution numerical model of deep convection. Numerical experiments conducted; Evolution of the convective system and the structure of the gravity waves generated;...
- The 21 June 1997 Flood: Storm-Scale Simulations and Implications for Operational Forecasting.
Roebber, Paul J.; Eise, John // Weather & Forecasting; Apr2001, Vol. 16 Issue 2, p197ABSTRACT On 20-21 June 1997, a convective outbreak in Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin resulted in two fatalities, eight injuries, and approximately $104 million in damage. The majority of the damage ($92 million) was the result of flooding in southeastern Wisconsin owing to nearly 250...
- The Oceanic Eddy Heat Transport.
Jayne, Steven R.; Marotzke, Jochem // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Dec2002, Vol. 32 Issue 12, p3328The rectified eddy heat transport is calculated from a global high-resolution ocean general circulation model. The eddy heat transport is found to be strong in the western boundary currents, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and the equatorial region. It is generally weak in the central gyres....
- Unsteady mixed convection in a horizontal channel with protruding heated blocks and a rectangular vortex promoter.
Wang, Qinghua; Jaluria, Yogesh // Physics of Fluids; Jul2002, Vol. 14 Issue 7, p2113The objective of this research is to study the resonance oscillatory flow in a channel and the resulting effect on thermal transport, leading to cooling enhancement in electronic systems. The unsteady mixed convection through a horizontal channel with two isolated protruding blocks on the bottom...
- Mid-depth recirculation observed in the interior Labrador and Irminger seas by direct velocity measurements.
Lavender, Kara L.; Davis, Russ E.; Owens, W. Brechner // Nature; 9/7/2000, Vol. 407 Issue 6800, p66Reports on a study of the transport of water from the Labrador Sea. Export of surface water to the deep ocean through convection; Use of floats to measure horizontal velocities at various depths in the Labrador Sea; Suggestion that the model for the formation and spread of Labrador Sea water...
- The Relationship between Convection and Sea Surface Temperature on Intraseasonal Timescales.
Woolnough, S.J.; Slingo, J.M.; Hoskins, B.J. // Journal of Climate; 6/15/2000, Vol. 13 Issue 12, p2086The relationship between tropical convection, surface fluxes, and sea surface temperature (SST) on intrasea-sonal timescales has been examined as part of an investigation of the possibility that the intraseasonal oscillation is a coupled atmosphere-ocean phenomenon. The unique feature of this...
- Numerical Simulation of Deep-Water Convection in the Gulf of Lion.
Xiaodong Hong; Hodur, Richard M.; Martin, Paul J. // Pure & Applied Geophysics; Oct2007, Vol. 164 Issue 10, p2101The unsteady-state process of deep-water convection in the Gulf of Lion has been observed and investigated in recent decades. However, the mechanisms of the uncertainty and irregularity of the deep-water convection in this region have not yet been fully understood. In this study, the effects of...
- Using a Convection Model to Predict Altitudes of White Stork Migration Over Central Israel.
Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Liechti, Olivier; Yom-Tov, Yoram; Leshem, Yossi // Boundary-Layer Meteorology; Jun2003, Vol. 107 Issue 3, p673Soaring migrants such as storks, pelicans and large birds of prey rely on thermal convection during migration. The convection model ALPTHERM was designed to predict the onset, strength, duration and depth of thermal convection for varying topographies for glider pilots, based on atmospheric...
- Triggering of the positive Indian Ocean dipole events by severe cyclones over the Bay of Bengal.
P. A., Francis; Gadgil, Sulochana; Vinayachandran, P. N. // Tellus: Series A; Aug2007, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p461In this paper, we suggest that positive Indian Ocean dipole events could be triggered by the occurrence of severe cyclones over the Bay of Bengal during April�May. All positive Indian Ocean dipole events during 1958�2003 are preceded by at least one such severe cyclone. Severe cyclones over...
- The Large-Scale Modulation of Subtropical Cyclogenesis in the Central and Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Otkin, Jason A.; Martin, Jonathan E. // Monthly Weather Review; Jul2004, Vol. 132 Issue 7, p1813An analysis of the composite large-scale circulation associated with periods of enhanced (active) or diminished (inactive) cyclogenesis in the subtropical central and eastern Pacific Ocean is presented. Composites were constructed using surface and tropospheric analyses from the ECMWF Tropical...
- On contribution of horizontal and intra-layer convection to the formation of the Baltic Sea cold intermediate layer.
Chubarenko, I.; Demchenko, N. // Ocean Science; 2010, Vol. 6 Issue 1, p285Seasonal cascades down the coastal slopes and intra-layer convection are considered as the two additional mechanisms contributing to the Baltic Sea cold intermediate layer (CIL) formation along with conventional seasonal vertical mixing. Field measurements are presented, reporting for the first...
- The Interaction Between Deep Convection and Easterly Waves over Tropical North Africa: A Weather State Perspective.
MEKONNEN, ADEME; ROSSOW, WILLIAM B. // Journal of Climate; Aug2011, Vol. 24 Issue 16, p4276The interaction between deep convection and easterly waves over tropical North Africa is studied using a weather state (WS) dataset from the International Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) and reanalysis products from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast, as well as radiative...
- Is broken ocean pump a global warning?
Pearce, Fred // New Scientist; 3/19/94, Vol. 141 Issue 1917, p4Reports on the breakdown of the convection processes in the Greenland Sea. Role of convection processes in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere; Reduction in ice formation at the Odden feature; Scientists' views on the significance of the breakdown; Global warming as a possible factor.
- Problems with estimation and interpretation of oceanic heat transport - conceptual remarks for the case of Fram Strait in the Arctic Ocean.
Schauer, U.; Beszczynska-M�ller, A. // Ocean Science; 2009, Vol. 5 Issue 4, p487While the concept of oceanic heat transport - or rather heat transport divergence - is well known, it is sometimes applied inaccurately. Often so-called "heat transports" are computed across a partial section which means that the volume flow through such a section is not zero. In this case the...
- Impact of open-ocean convection on particle fluxes and sediment dynamics in the deep margin of the Gulf of Lions.
Stabholz, M.; de Madron, X. Durrieu; Canals, M.; Khripounoff, A.; Taupier-Letage, I.; Testor, P.; Heussner, S.; Kerherv�, P.; Delsaut, N.; Houpert, L.; Lastras, G.; Denneliou, B. // Biogeosciences Discussions; 2012, Vol. 9 Issue 9, p12845The deep outer margin of the Gulf of Lions and the adjacent basin, in the Western Mediterranean Sea, are regularly impacted by open-ocean convection, a major hydrodynamic event responsible for the ventilation of the deep water in the Western Mediterranean Basin. However, the impact of open-ocean...
- Mixing process on the northeast coast of Hokkaido in summer.
Ishizu, Miho; Kitade, Yujiro; Michida, Yutaka // Journal of Oceanography; Feb2013, Vol. 69 Issue 1, p1Direct measurements using a free-falling micro-profiler were conducted on the northeast coast of Hokkaido in the summer of 2007 to clarify the mixing process in the Soya Warm Current (SWC) region in terms of microstructure. The distribution of the Turner angle (Tu) showed that these regions have...
- On the Role of Sea Ice and Convection in a Global Ocean Model.
St�ssel, Achim; Yang, Kun; Kim, Seong-Joong // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Apr2002, Vol. 32 Issue 4, p1194An earlier estimate regarding the possible impact of sea ice on deep-ocean water mass properties and the global thermohaline circulation in a coupled sea ice-ocean general circulation model (OGCM) is updated. Compared to the earlier application, the main upgrade is a subgrid-scale...
- Transformation of the Warm Waters of the North Atlantic from a Geostrophic Streamfunction Perspective.
P�rez-Brunius, Paula; Rossby, Tom; Watts, D. Randolph // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Oct2004, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p2238To obtain a description of the hydrographic state of the North Atlantic Current�subpolar front (NAC�SPF) system, historical hydrographic data from the subpolar North Atlantic are projected into a baroclinic streamfunction space, resulting in three-dimensional Gravest Empirical Mode (GEM)...
- Convectively Driven Mixing in the Bottom Boundary Layer.
Moum, J. N.; Perlin, A.; Klymak, J. M.; Levine, M. D.; Boyd, T.; Kosro, P. M. // Journal of Physical Oceanography; Oct2004, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p2189Closely spaced vertical profiles through the bottom boundary layer over a sloping continental shelf during relaxation from coastal upwelling reveal structure that is consistent with convectively driven mixing. Parcels of fluid were observed adjacent to the bottom that were warm (by several...
- Surface Water Mixing in the Solomon Sea as Documented by a High-Resolution Coral [sup 14] C Record.
Guilderson, T.P.; Schrag, D.P.; Cane, M.A. // Journal of Climate; Mar2004, Vol. 17 Issue 5, p1147A bimonthly coral-based record of the postbomb radiocarbon content of Solomon Sea surface waters is interpreted to reflect mixing of subtropical surface water and that advected in from the east by the equatorial branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC). Annual mean ?[sup 14] C has a dynamic...
- The Influence of Ocean Convection Patterns on High-Latitude Climate Projections.
Schaeffer, M.; Selten, F. M.; Opsteegh, J. D.; Goosse, H. // Journal of Climate; Nov2004, Vol. 17 Issue 22, p4316The mean state and variability of deep convection in the ocean influence the North Atlantic climate. Using an ensemble experiment with a coupled atmosphere�ocean�sea ice model, it is shown that cooling and subdued warming areas can occur over the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent landmasses...
- An Empirical Parameterization of Subsurface Entrainment Temperature for Improved SST Anomaly Simulations in an Intermediate Ocean Model.
Rong-Hua Zhang; Kleeman, Richard; Zebiak, Stephen E.; Keenlyside, Noel; Raynaud, Stephane // Journal of Climate; Jan2005, Vol. 18 Issue 2, p350An empirical model for the temperature of subsurface water entrained into the ocean mixed layer (Te) is presented and evaluated to improve sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) simulations in an intermediate ocean model (IOM) of the tropical Pacific. An inverse modeling approach is adopted to...
- The role of diapycnal mixing for the equilibrium response of thermohaline circulation.
Mohammad, Rezwan; Nilsson, Johan; Von Storch, Jin-Song // Ocean Dynamics; Feb2004, Vol. 54 Issue 1, p54Using a zonally averaged, one-hemispheric numerical model of the thermohaline circulation, the dependence of the overturning strength on the surface equator-to-pole density difference is investigated. It is found that the qualitative behavior of the thermohaline circulation depends crucially on...
- The impact of global freshwater forcing on the thermohaline circulation: adjustment of North Atlantic convection sites in a CGCM.
Swingedouw, D.; Braconnot, P.; Delecluse, P.; Guilyardi, E.; Marti, O. // Climate Dynamics; Feb2007, Vol. 28 Issue 2/3, p291On the time scale of a century, the Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC) is sensitive to the global surface salinity distribution. The advection of salinity toward the deep convection sites of the North Atlantic is one of the driving mechanisms for the THC. There is both a northward and a...
- Determining Vertical Water Velocities from Seaglider.
Frajka-Williams, Eleanor; Eriksen, Charles C.; Rhines, Peter B.; Harcourt, Ramsey R. // Journal of Atmospheric & Oceanic Technology; Dec2011, Vol. 28 Issue 12, p1641Vertical velocities in the world's oceans are typically small, less than 1 cm s-1, posing a significant challenge for observational techniques. Seaglider, an autonomous profiling instrument, can be used to estimate vertical water velocity in the ocean. Using a Seaglider's flight model and...
- The Indian Monsoon.
Gadgil, Sulochana // Resonance: Journal of Science Education; Mar2008, Vol. 13 Issue 3, p218In this article, I discuss the links between the variation of the monsoon and the variation of convection over the Indian and Pacific Oceans, on subseasonal scales of a few days and on an internnual scale. The relationship of the variation of the convection over the oceans to the sea surface...
- Horizontal convection with a non-linear equation of state: generalization of a theorem of Paparella and Young.
NYCANDER, JONAS // Tellus: Series A; Mar2010, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p134An upper bound is derived for the total dissipation rate in an ocean forced exclusively by surface fluxes of heat and freshwater, assuming a non-linear equation of state. This generalizes the upper bound found by Paparella and Young, which is valid for a flow forced by an imposed temperature...
- Horizontal convection in water heated by infrared radiation and cooled by evaporation: scaling analysis and experimental results.
WAHLIN, A. K.; JOHANSSON, A. M.; AAS, E.; BROSTR�M, G.; WEBER, J. E. H.; GRUE, J. // Tellus: Series A; Mar2010, Vol. 62 Issue 2, p154An experimental study of horizontal convection with a free surface has been conducted. Fresh water was heated from above by an infrared lamp placed at one end of a tank, and cooled by evaporation as the water moved away from the heat source. The heat radiated from the lamp was absorbed in a thin...
